Finite element
Stress, strain, contact, fatigue and failure — linear and nonlinear, static and explicit dynamic.
Exchanges
- ← pressure → traction · from Fluid dynamics
- ← temperature → thermal strain · from Heat transfer
- → surface velocity → sound pressure · to Acoustics & vibration
Fluid dynamics
Steady and transient flow, turbulence, aerodynamics and hydrodynamics.
Exchanges
- → pressure → traction · to Finite element
- ← displacement → mesh motion · from Fluid–structure coupling
- ← heat release → density · from Multiphase & reacting flow
- → snapshots → reduced basis · to Physics-informed AI
Heat transfer
Conduction, convection and radiation, and the thermal stress they cause.
Exchanges
- → temperature → thermal strain · to Finite element
- ← current → Joule heating · from Electromagnetics
Electromagnetics
Electromagnetic fields, eddy currents, Joule heating and plasma devices.
Exchanges
- → current → Joule heating · to Heat transfer
Acoustics & vibration
Noise, vibration and harshness — modal, harmonic, aero- and vibro-acoustic.
Exchanges
- ← surface velocity → sound pressure · from Finite element
Multiphase & reacting flow
Sprays, cavitation, boiling, particulates and combustion.
Exchanges
- → heat release → density · to Fluid dynamics
Fluid–structure coupling
Two-way coupling of flow and structure: pressure in, deformation back.
Exchanges
- → displacement → mesh motion · to Fluid dynamics
Physics-informed AI
Physics-informed networks, surrogates and reduced-order models, trained on simulation and checked against it.
Exchanges
- ← snapshots → reduced basis · from Fluid dynamics