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Industries Seat Design

FMVSS 202a: Head Restraints – Methodology and Equipment for the Static and Dynamic Test

Aircraft and Automotive Seat Design: Finite Element and CFD Simulation for Static & Dynamic Comfort, Whiplash, Acoustic & Thermal Comfort, Vibration, and Crash Test

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FMVSS 202a: Head Restraints – Methodology and Equipment for the Static and Dynamic Test
Industries Seat Design

In the proposed FMVSS No. 202a, manufacturers were given the option of meeting either of two sets of requirements. The first set was a comprehensive group of dimension and strength requirements, compliance with which is measured statically. The second set was made of requirements that would have to be met in a dynamic test. NHTSA (National Highway Traffic Safety Administration) in FMVSS 202a, Head Restraints, specifies requirements for head restraints to reduce the frequency and severity of neck injury in rear-end and other collisions.

The standard applies to each front and rear outboard Designated Seating Position with a head restraint, and allows head restraints to be tested either dynamically or statically. Exceptions are made for school buses; refer to the Code of Federal Regulations for the specific exceptions. This test procedure covers the static requirements. Finite element simulation software, such as Ansys LS-DYNA, Simulia Abaqus, ESI Pam-Crash and Altair RADIOSS, is used by our engineers with special-purpose dummies to simulate head restraints based on FMVSS 202a in order to reduce the frequency and severity of neck injury in rear-end and other collisions.

Other related regulations:

  • FMVSS201 Head Impact
  • FMVSS207/210 Seatbelt Anchorage
  • FMVSS208 Frontal Impact
  • FMVSS214 Static & Dynamic Side Impact
  • FMVSS225 Child Restraint Anchorage
  • FMVSS301 Rear Impact & Fuel Integrity
  • Insurance Institute for Highway Safety (IIHS) Offset Frontal Impact
  • IIHS Side Impact
  • IIHS Low Speed Bumper Impact
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The use of Finite Element and CFD-based design solutions can provide significant benefits for seat design in the automotive industry. By using this tool, manufacturers can anticipate manufacturing issues and ensure just-in-time delivery, reducing costs and improving efficiency. The ability to meet regulatory requirements is also a key benefit, as virtual testing can help to ensure compliance with safety standards such as EuroNCAP, JapanNCAP, China C-NCAP, NHTSA (National Highway Traffic Safety Administration) and IIHS (Insurance Institute for Highway Safety).

Finite Element and CFD-based design can help ensure the right occupant …
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