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Topic
Crashworthiness, occupant safety and high-rate impact simulation with explicit finite element methods.
7 articles
How Hybrid III, THOR and WorldSID finite element dummy models are validated, what rating programmes say about virtual evidence, where human body models fit beside dummies, and where machine learning helps and does not.
How to simulate the small overlap and oblique frontal crash tests: what the IIHS, NHTSA and Euro NCAP texts specify, why the wheel and pillar load paths decide the result, where models break, and how surrogates support structure optimisation.
How airbag deployment simulation handles folding, inflator gas, fabric porosity and vents; when uniform pressure, ALE or particle gas models fit; how out-of-position cases set the method; and where machine learning helps calibration and design sweeps.
How school bus roof, body joint and seat strength are specified in FMVSS 220, 221 and 222, why bus rollover simulation differs from a car crash model, how joint and seat models are calibrated, and where machine learning helps.
How occupant restraint system tuning trades head, chest and knee loads, what FMVSS 208 sets for a belted Hybrid III test, how to validate a restraint model beyond one sled test, and where surrogate-assisted robust optimisation helps.
How battery pack crash simulation links the crash scenario list to pack protection design: what FMVSS 305a, FMVSS 214 and UN R100 say about the mechanical tests, how vehicle, pack, module and cell models hand loads to each other, and where machine learning helps.
What makes a crash simulation credible: element choice, material data at strain rate, contact definition, energy and mass-scaling checks, and correlation against test.
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